Large Language Models and Loneliness: Evaluating AI Companionship as a Social Support Tool

Abstract

Loneliness and social isolation have become increasingly prevalent among adolescents and adults in modern society, driven in part by the rise of digital technology and a more mobile culture. With over 15% of young people experiencing loneliness according to the World Health Organization, youth are progressively turning to artificial intelligence (AI), particularly general-purpose large language models (LLMs), to find social connection and emotional support. In examining relevant studies based on new scholarly findings and specialized keywords, this paper analyzes the short- and long-term therapeutic potential of AI chatbot companionship to combat loneliness. Findings indicate that AI companions can provide short-term alleviation of loneliness and even help break the cycle of prolonged loneliness by helping individuals re-acclimate to social interaction. However, significant limitations have also emerged, including improper use and insufficient regulation of AI as well as hyper-dependency on AI chatbots for social connection, which can conversely accentuate the current loneliness epidemic. Therefore, this paper argues that while AI offers significant benefit as a supplementary tool for alleviating loneliness, it cannot replace human connection and should be considered alongside traditional forms of social support and medical intervention.

KEYWORDS:  Loneliness, Artificial Intelligence (AI),  Large Language Models (LLMs), Social Isolation, Mental Health, Human-AI Interaction, AI Chatbots